加拿大商务访客签证 Business Visitor Visas
很多情况下，入境加拿大的商务访客无需申请工作许可。
商务访客是指，前往加拿大参加国际商务活动，但不会进入加拿大劳动力市场的外籍人士。
In many cases, business visitors to Canada do not require a Canadian work permit.
A business visitor is a foreign national who comes to Canada to participate in international business activities, but who will not enter the Canadian labour market.
文章内容 Table of Contents
商务访客概览 Overview
加拿大作为全球范围内最重要的经济体之一，每年吸引数以万计的短期商务访客。加拿大拥有面向国际市场的经济体制，作为经济合作与发展组织（OECD）和七国集团（G7）的成员国，以及加拿大-美国-墨西哥协定（CUSMA，原《北美自由贸易协定》，NAFTA）的签约国，加拿大努力确保国际商务访客能够顺利入境。根据工作性质和国籍的不同，某些商务访客在豁免工作许可的情况下，可以入境加拿大从事商业或贸易活动。
计划入境加拿大的商务访客必须证明：
- 在加拿大境内停留不超过6个月，
- 无意进入加拿大劳动力市场，
- 商业活动的主要经营地点、收入和利润来源在加拿大境外；
- 可以提供充分的申请文件材料，
- 符合入境条件：持有包括护照在内的有效旅行证件、证明拥有充足的资金用于逗留和返程、证明会在访问结束后离境，并证明不会对加拿大构成犯罪、安全或健康威胁。
入境加拿大进行商务访问的原因包括但不限于:
- 参加商务会谈、论坛、会议、交易展会等；
- 代表外国实体购买加拿大商品或服务；
- 接受货物或服务订单；
- 提供售后服务，但不包括建筑行业实际工作；
- 接受位于加拿大母公司的培训，以便在境外工作；和
- 为外国公司驻加拿大子公司的员工提供培训。
商务访客入境加拿大，可能需要临时居民签证（TRV）或电子旅行授权（eTA）。允许国际商务人士在加拿大开展业务，对经济的持续性发展至关重要。与加拿大签署贸易协定或建立强纽带经济联系的国家，通常也会对来自加拿大的商务访客提供入境便利。签证互惠政策，是加拿大商业发展和经济成功的基石。
Canada is one of the world’s largest economies, attracting thousands of short-term business visitors each year. With an international market-oriented economy and as a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation (OECD) and the Group of 7 (G7), as well as signatory to the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA, or formerly known as NAFTA), Canada strives to ensure that international business visitors can come to Canada on business trips. Subject to the nature of the work, as well as the individual’s nationality, certain business visitors can enter the country to conduct business or trade activity without needing a work permit.
Business visitors to Canada must demonstrate the following:
- they plan to stay for less than six months,
- they do not plan to enter the Canadian labour market,
- the main place of business, and source of income and profits, is outside Canada,
- they have documents that support their application and
- they meet Canada’s basic entry requirements, because they: have a valid travel document, such as a passport, have enough money for their stay and to return home, plan to leave Canada at the end of your visit, and are not a criminal, security or health risk to Canadians.
There are a number of reasons why an individual may come to Canada as a business visitor, including:
- Attending business meetings, conferences, conventions, fairs, etc;
- Buying Canadian goods or services on behalf of a foreign entity;
- Taking orders for goods or services;
- Providing after-sales service, excluding hands-on work in the construction trades;
- Being trained by a Canadian parent company for work outside of Canada; and
- Training employees of a Canadian subsidiary of a foreign company.
Business visitors to Canada may require a Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) or an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA).
Allowing international business people to do business in Canada is important for the continued economic success of the country. Similarly, countries that have trade agreements and strong economic partnerships with Canada generally allow Canadian business visitors to enter their countries as smoothly as possible. Visa reciprocity is an important aspect of Canada’s business outlook and economic success.
商务访客与工作许可 Business Visitor vs Work Permit
需要注意的时，商务访问签证不同于加拿大工作许可。外国公民不能以商务访客的身份进入加拿大劳动力市场就业。商务访问签证的目的，是授权签证持有人在加拿大短期停留从事诸如参加行业会议、实地考察、接受培训等商务活动。持有有效工作许可才能作为跨国公司内部调派人员，或受雇于加拿大企业在加拿大合法就业。外国公民可以作为访客并以访问者身份在加拿大寻找工作机会。
没有有效工作许可的外国公民不能在加拿大合法就业。如果外国访客在境内访问期间获得加拿大雇主的工作邀请，则在开始工作前必须申请工作许可。工作许可必须由负责申请人居住国或作为公民国家的加拿大签证中心审理，因此在申请过程中申请人可能需要从加拿大离境。在访问签有效期内，签证持有人可以合法在加拿大居留。
Note that a business visitor visa is different from a Canadian work permit. You cannot enter the Canadian workforce as a business visitor. Business visitor visas are intended to allow short-term stays for business activities such as industry conferences, site visits, or training. If you are transferred to Canada by your company or are otherwise employed by a Canadian company, you will need a work permit. You can come to Canada as a visitor to search for Canadian employment.
However, you cannot legally work in Canada without a work permit. If you secure a job offer from a Canadian employer while in Canada on a visitor visa, you must apply for a work permit before you can begin working. Your application must be processed by the Canadian visa office responsible for the country in which you live or are a citizen, so you may be required to leave Canada during the course of your application processing. However, you can legally remain in Canada for as long as your visitor visa is valid.
如何申请加拿大商务访问签证 How to Apply for a Business Visitor Visa
加拿大并没有针对商务访客的特殊签证。商务访客必须遵循访问签证，即临时居民签证的正常申请呢程序，并在申请时将参与从事国际商务活动注明为入境原因。加拿大入境口岸的边防官员，有权要求商务访客出示参与商务活动有关证明。来自免签国家的商务访客，如果通过航空途径入境加拿大则可免签，但仍需提供电子旅行证。商务访客可以携带家人入境，前提是其家庭成员需要获批自己的访问签证。
There is no special visa for business visitors to Canada. Business visitors have to follow the normal application procedure for a visitor visa, or TRV, and will need to indicate that they are entering Canada for international business activities. Business visitors may be required to demonstrate proof of their activities to the border services officer at their port of entry. Some business visitors may be visa-exempt, if they are from visa-exempt countries. In these cases, the individual may still need an electronic travel authorization (eTA) if they arrive in Canada by air. Business visitors may bring family members with them to Canada, but each family member must complete their own visitor visa application.
北美自由贸易协定商务访客 NAFTA Business Visitors
北美自由贸易协定（NAFTA）大幅度减少墨西哥、美国与加拿大之间的国家壁垒。根据协定，上述三国的公民可以基于商务或投资原因快速入境彼此国家。北美自由贸易协定商务访客，属于北美自由贸易协定下商业人士的一个类别。
NAFTA, or the North American Free Trade Agreement, reduces barriers between Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Under NAFTA, citizens of these countries can gain quick entry into each others’ countries for temporary business or investment reasons. NAFTA business visitors are one category of business people under NAFTA.
售后或租赁服务 After-sales or lease services
提供个人维修、售后服务、安装督导以及包括计算机软件在内的商业或工业设备调试服务的外籍人士，可被视为商务访客，无需持有工作许可入境加拿大。包括电工、水管工等在内的建筑行业技术岗位工作人员并不适用本规定。在售后或服务协议作为原始销售、扩展或租赁协议的一部分时，为在加拿大境外购买或租赁的专业设备提供维修或服务的外籍人士，也符合商务访客定义。
提供售后或租赁服务的商务访客，还包括为完成操作之前所出售或出租设备进行软件升级进而产生的新的销售、租赁或采购订单的外籍人士；以及入境加拿大执行安装、配置或对已完成软件升级后进行培训的服务人员。而针对新产品所涉及软件更新的购买、租赁或订单则属于新的合同范畴。需要再次强调的是，本规定对建筑行业的实操岗位技术工人不适用。
Individual repairing and servicing, supervising installers, and setting up and testing commercial or industrial equipment (including computer software) may be considered business visitors, and as such may not require a Canadian work permit. Setting up does not include hands-on installation generally performed by construction or building trades, such as electricians or pipe fitters.
This provision also applies to individuals seeking entry to repair or service specialized equipment purchased or leased outside Canada, provided the service is being performed as part of the original or extended sales agreement, lease/rental agreement, warranty or service contract.
After-sales and lease services also include situations where the sales or lease agreement or purchase order is for a software upgrade to operate previously sold or leased equipment. A service person coming to Canada to install, configure or give training on the upgraded software may be considered a business visitor. A sales or lease agreement or purchase order for upgraded software is a new contract for a new product. Please note that hands-on building and construction work is not covered by this provision.
保修或服务协议 Warranty or service agreement
只有在保修或服务协议作为原始销售或租赁协议的一部分，或原始协议附件时，派驻加拿大的外籍雇员才能被视作商务访客。在签订销售或租赁协议后，与第三方外企就服务事宜进行协商并派驻的外籍雇员不适用本规定。如果外籍雇员在加拿大境内从事的工作超出保修范围，则通常需要获得基于劳动力市场评估的工作许可（LMIA）。
For warranty or service agreements, contracts must have been negotiated as part of the original sales or lease/rental agreements or be an extension of the original agreement in order for the foreign national to be considered a business visitor.
Service contracts negotiated with third parties after the signing of the sales or lease/rental agreement are not covered by this provision. Where the work to be performed in Canada is not covered under a warranty, a work permit and a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) is generally required.
非商务访客 Individuals not considered business visitors
在加拿大企业与外籍公司签订服务协议的情况下，外籍公司雇员外派入境加拿大提供服务时，需要持有加拿大工作许可。
此种情况通常发生在加-美-墨协议（原《北美自由贸易协定》，NAFTA）框架下。即使外籍雇员并未从加拿大企业直接获得报酬，也不能将其视作商务访客。由于加拿大企业与这位外籍雇员之间存在协议关系，相当于该外籍雇员变相进入加拿大劳动力市场；同时，基于外籍企业通过提供服务获利，因此该外派雇员实际上是从加拿大获得报酬。故此该外籍雇员不被视作商务访客。
例如，一个加拿大境内的基础建设项目雇佣了一家美国企业提供规划服务。属于该美国企业的外派团队，在加拿大境内工作时，其团队成员不符合商务访客资格。计划在加拿大就业的外籍人士可能需要申请临时工作许可。其他在加拿大从事短期工作的外籍人士，在某些特定情况下可能符合工作许可豁免条件；但这并不代表他们属于商务访客。
In situations where a Canadian employer has directly contracted for services from a non-Canadian company, the employee of the foreign company performing the services for the Canadian company requires a Canadian work permit.
This situation arises most often in the context of the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (the former North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA). The service provider is not to be considered a business visitor simply because he or she is not directly receiving remuneration from a Canadian source. Since there is a contract between the Canadian company and the foreign worker’s employer, there is an entry to the Canadian labour market. And because the foreign employer is receiving payment for the service that is being provided, it is deemed that the worker is receiving payment from a Canadian source. Consequently, the worker cannot be considered a business visitor.
For example, an infrastructure project in Canada contracts the services of a U.S.-based urban planning firm, which sends a small team to Canada work on site. The team members are working in Canada, and the firm is receiving compensation for being engaged on the project. Therefore, the team members do not meet the criteria as business visitors to Canada.
Individuals who plan to enter the Canadian labour market may require a Temporary Work Permit. Other individuals working in Canada for short-term periods and in certain situations may work in Canada without a work permit, while not necessarily being considered business visitors.
相关链接 Related Links
- 认可雇主试点项目 Recognized Employer Pilot
- 劳动力市场影响评估批文广告要求 LMIA Advertising Requirements
- 加拿大开放式工作许可 Open Work Permits
- 毕业后工签终极指南 The Ultimate Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP) Guide
- 加拿大全球人才计划 Canada Global Talent Stream (GTS)
- 加拿大临时外籍劳工项目 Temporary Foreign Worker Program
- 劳动力市场影响评估批文 Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA)
- 跨国公司内部调派 Intra-Company Transfers
- 国际体验计划 International Experience Canada (IEC)
- 配偶开放式工签 Spouse Open Work Permit (SOWP)
- 桥梁开放式工签 Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP)
- 北美自由贸易协定工作许可 NAFTA Work Permits
- 加拿大-欧盟综合经济与贸易协定工作许可 CETA Work Permits
- 加拿大国际人才流动项目 International Mobility Program (IMP)
- 简化版劳动力市场影响评估（魁北克省）Facilitated LMIA (Quebec)
