国际人才流动项目 International Mobility Program (IMP)
国际人才流动项目（IMP）允许加拿大雇主在雇佣临时外籍劳工时，豁免劳动力市场影响评估（LMIA）。虽然通常情况下加拿大雇主在雇佣外籍临时劳工时需要首先获批劳动力市场评估，但也有一些例外。
The International Mobility Program (IMP) enables Canadian employers to hire temporary foreign workers without the need for a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA). While an LMIA is usually required for a Canadian employer to hire a temporary foreign worker, there are a number of exemptions to the LMIA requirement.
劳动力市场影响评估豁免是指，加拿大雇主在不需要获批劳动力市场影响评估的情况下即可雇佣临时外籍劳工。加拿大就业及社会发展部联合加拿大移民、难民及公民部共同维护国际人才流动项目下的劳动力市场影响评估豁免引索。这些劳动力市场影响评估豁免基于以下情况：
- 为加拿大带来广泛的经济、文化或其他方面的竞争优势；且
- 加拿大公民和永久居民可以从中获益。
加拿大雇主通过国际人才流动项目雇佣外籍劳工，必须遵从以下三个步骤：
- 确认有关岗位或外籍劳工符合劳动力市场影响评估豁免资质；
- 支付雇主合规费，$230加币；
- 通过国际人才流动项目雇主通道，递交正式聘书。
只有完成上述三个步骤，外籍劳工才能通过国际人才流动项目申请加拿大工作许可。符合劳动力市场影响评估豁免条件的外籍劳工如果即将入职的岗位符合加拿大国家职业分类中的0类或A类，且从加拿大境外递交申请，或有资格通过全球技能战略政策获得工作许可的快速审批。
An LMIA-exemption refers to a situation in which it is not necessary for a Canadian employer to obtain an LMIA in order to hire a temporary foreign worker. ESDC along with Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) maintain an index of LMIA-exemptions which are organized through the International Mobility Program.
These LMIA exemptions are based on the following conditions:
- broader economic, cultural or other competitive advantages for Canada; and
- reciprocal benefits enjoyed by Canadians and permanent residents.
In order to hire a foreign worker through the IMP, a Canadian employer must follow three steps:
- Confirm the position or worker in question qualifies for an LMIA-exemption;
- Pay the employer compliance fee of $230 CAD;
- Submit the official job offer through the IMP’s Employer Portal.
Only after completing these three steps will the foreign national be eligible to apply for their own work permit. LMIA-exempt workers may qualify for expedited work permit processing through the Global Skills Strategy if their position is NOC Skill Level A or 0 and they are applying from outside of Canada.
国际协议 International Agreements
很大一部分的劳动力市场影响评估豁免，是基于加拿大与其他国家之间签署的国际协议。在双边互惠前提下，符合特定条件的外籍劳工可以前往加拿大工作，反之亦然。加拿大已就下列自由贸易协定进行谈判，每项协定都包含一系列的劳动力市场影响评估豁免：
- 北美自由贸易协定（NAFTA）
- 加拿大-智利/秘鲁/哥伦比亚/韩国自由贸易协定
- 加拿大-欧盟综合经济与贸易协定（CETA）
- 服务贸易总协定（GATS）
A significant number of LMIA-exemptions are available through international agreements between Canada and other countries. Certain types of employees can transfer to Canada from other countries, and vice versa, if they are able to demonstrate this will have a positive impact. Canada has negotiated the following Free Trade Agreements, each encompassing a range of LMIA-exemptions:
- North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
- Canada-Chile FTA / Canada-Peru FTA / Canada-Colombia FTA / Canada-Korea FTA
- Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)
- General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
加拿大国家利益 Canadian Interest Exemptions
另一类较为常见的劳动力市场影响评估豁免，是基于对加拿大公民产生重大积极影响或通过与其他国家保持互惠就业关系，最大程度满足加拿大的国家利益。
符合加拿大国家利益类别下的劳动力市场影响评估豁免，外国公民在加拿大的就业必须在社会层面或文化层面对加拿大产生积极影响。一般而言，移民官员将通过评估外国公民过往的成功经历、听取外国公民所在领域杰出专家的证词与意见，来判断是否会对加拿大产生重大利益。
Another popular category of LMIA-exemptions falls under the broad category of Canadian Interest exemptions. LMIA-exemptions under this category must demonstrate that the exemption will be in the best interest of Canada, either by being of significant benefit to Canadians or through the maintenance of reciprocal employment relationships with other nations.
In order to qualify for an LMIA-exemption under the category of significant benefit for Canadians, the employment of a foreign national must demonstrate significant social or cultural benefit to Canada. Generally, immigration officers will assess a foreign national’s past track record of success and examine testimony and recommendations of distinguished experts in the foreign nationals’ field in order to determine significant benefit.
跨国企业内部调动 Intra-Company Transferees
另一种可以产生重大国家利益的方式，是为跨国公司内部人员调动提供劳动力市场影响评估豁免政策。此项政策允许某些跨国公司可以将外国公民调派至加拿大工作，以提高业务质量并造福加拿大公民。
Another means of securing LMIA-exemption for significant benefit is through the provision of LMIA-exemptions for intra-company transferees. Through this provision, certain companies may transfer a foreign national to a Canadian location in order to improve the quality of their business for the benefit of Canadians.
额外劳动力市场影响评估豁免 Additional LMIA-Exemptions
尽管大部分劳动力市场影响评估豁免，是基于国际协议或加拿大国家利益，但除此之外还有一些例外。某些情况下，劳动力市场影响评估豁免是出于人道主义或同情原因。此外，某些移民候选人也可能有资格申请劳动力市场影响评估豁免工作许可。
While the majority of LMIA-exemptions are granted due to either international agreements or Canadian interest, there are a number of LMIA-exemptions outside of these categories. In some cases, LMIA-exemptions are granted for humanitarian and compassionate reasons. As well, certain candidates for Canadian permanent residency may be eligible to apply for LMIA-exempt work permits.
