临时外籍劳工项目 Temporary Foreign Worker Program
加拿大移民、难民和公民事务部联合加拿大就业和社会发展部共同运营的临时外籍劳工项目，授权加拿大雇主可以临时雇佣外籍劳工，以填补加拿大劳动力市场短缺。
The Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) allows Canadian employers the ability to temporarily hire foreign nationals in order to fill shortages in Canada’s labour force. The TFWP is jointly operated by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) and Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC).
劳动力市场影响评估 Labour Market Impact Assessments
临时外籍劳工项目协助加拿大雇主雇佣他们所需的外籍人才，同时确保外籍劳工获得应有的权利，保障他们在加拿大安全就业。根据该项目，雇主可以通过以下渠道聘用临时外籍劳工：
The TFWP helps Canadian employers hire the foreign talent they need. It also makes sure that these foreign workers get the rights and protections they deserve to be safely employed in Canada. Under the TFWP, employers may hire temporary foreign workers through the following streams:
临时外籍劳工项目的一大显著特点是要求提供劳动力市场影响评估。任何希望通过加拿大临时外籍劳工项目聘用外籍劳工的雇主，必须先获批劳动力市场影响评估，证明该雇主无法通过雇佣加拿大公民或永久居民来填补岗位空缺。只有在加拿大劳动力市场影响评估获批后雇主才能正式雇佣外籍劳工，并协助他们申请加拿大工作许可或永久居留权。
加拿大也确实存在一些可以豁免加拿大劳动力市场影响评估的临时外籍劳工项目，这些项目统归国际人才流动项目组织管理。与临时外籍劳工项目不同，国际人才流动项目旨在处理豁免劳动力市场影响评估的加拿大工作许可申请。
One key characteristic of the TFWP is the requirement for a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA). Any employer wishing to hire a foreign national through TFWP must first obtain an LMIA demonstrating that they were unable to find a Canadian citizen or permanent resident to fill the position. Only after obtaining an LMIA will an employer be able to officially hire a foreign national, enabling the foreign national, in turn, to apply for a Canadian work permit or Canadian permanent residence.
There do exist a number of temporary worker options which allow employers to hire workers without requiring an LMIA. These options are organized within the International Mobility Program which is designed to process LMIA-exempt work permit applications.
劳动力市场影响评估 Labour Market Impact Assessments
劳动力市场影响评估，是由加拿大就业及社会发展部针对加拿大雇主聘用外籍劳工对加拿大劳动力市场产生潜在影响的评估文件。获批的劳动力市场影响评估意味着没有加拿大公民或永久居民可以填补雇主的用工短缺，因此雇主可以雇请外籍劳工。被拒的劳动力市场影响评估则表明，该岗位空缺应该由加拿大公民或永久居民填补。了解更多有关劳动力市场影响评估的申请要求及办理流程。
A Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) is a document issued by ESDC assessing the impact hiring a foreign worker will have on the Canadian labour market. A positive LMIA indicates that there is no Canadian citizen or permanent resident to fill a position, therefore enabling an employer to hire a foreign national.
A negative LMIA indicates that a position should be filled by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident. Learn more about Labour Market Impact Assessment, including requirements and application procedures.
国际人才流动项目 International Mobility Program
国际人才流动项目（IMP）允许加拿大雇主在豁免劳劳动力市场影响评估的情况下雇佣临时外籍劳工。虽然通常情况下加拿大雇主在雇佣外籍临时劳工时需要首先获批劳动力市场评估，但也有一些例外。这些劳动力市场影响评估豁免基于以下情况：
- 为加拿大带来广泛的经济、文化或其他方面的竞争优势；且
- 加拿大公民和永久居民可以从中获益。
加拿大雇主通过国际人才流动项目雇佣外籍劳工，必须遵从以下三个步骤：
- 确认有关岗位或外籍劳工符合劳动力市场影响评估豁免资质；
- 支付雇主合规费，$230加币；
- 通过国际人才流动项目雇主通道，递交正式聘书。
只有完成上述三个步骤，外籍劳工才能通过国际人才流动项目申请加拿大工作许可。符合劳动力市场影响评估豁免条件的外籍劳工如果即将入职的岗位符合加拿大国家职业分类中的0类或A类，且从加拿大境外递交申请，或有资格通过全球技能战略政策获得工作许可的快速审批。
The International Mobility Program (IMP) enables Canadian employers to hire temporary foreign workers without the need for a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA). While most employers hiring foreign workers will require an LMIA, there are certain circumstances where LMIA-exemptions exist. These LMIA exemptions are based on the following conditions:
- broader economic, cultural or other competitive advantages for Canada; and
- reciprocal benefits enjoyed by Canadians and permanent residents.
In order to hire a foreign worker through the IMP, a Canadian employer must follow three steps:
- Confirm the position or worker in question qualifies for an LMIA-exemption;
- Pay the employer compliance fee of $230 CAD;
- Submit the official job offer through the IMP’s Employer Portal.
Only after completing these three steps will the foreign national be eligible to apply for their own work permit. LMIA-exempt workers may qualify for expedited work permit processing through the Global Skills Strategy if their position is NOC Skill Level A or 0 and they are applying from outside of Canada.
全球人才计划 Global Talent Stream
全球人才计划是加拿大移民部与加拿大就业及社会发展部于2017年6月合作推出的一个为期两年的试点项目。全球人才计划协助加拿大雇主在全球范围内聘用高技能人才以便提高加拿大企业的国际竞争力。被成功引荐到该项目的雇主，可以通过全球技能战略协议缩短聘用外籍人士的流程。
The Global Talent Stream (GTS) is a two-year pilot program launched in June 2017 through a partnership between Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) and Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC). The GTS assists certain Canadian employers to hire highly-skilled global talent enabling them to compete on an international scale. Employers who are successfully referred to the program will be able to expedite the process for hiring foreign nationals through the Global Skills Strategy.
高薪外籍劳工 High-Wage Workers
加拿大雇主必须通过临时外籍劳工项目中的高薪岗位通道，聘用薪资等于或高于其所在省份或地区的时薪中位数的外籍劳工。该流程的第一步要求雇主获批劳动力市场影响评估，以证明他们无法通过招聘加拿大公民或永久居民填补岗位空缺。
一旦雇主获批高薪技术岗位的劳动力市场影响评估，需要及时将此评估结果通知外籍劳工，并告知其需要在评估有效期内递交工签申请以便获得在加拿大合法就业的授权。当高薪外籍劳工获悉劳动力市场评估获批并收到雇主签署的正式劳务合同后，他们可以根据自身情况，通过申请加拿大工作许可或永久居留权的方式，获得在加拿大合法工作的资格。
If an employer wishes to hire a temporary foreign worker who will be paid at or above the median hourly wage of their province or territory then the employer must apply through the TFWP stream for high-wage workers. The first step in this process requires the employer to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) demonstrating that they were unable to find a Canadian citizen or permanent resident to fill the position.
Once an employer is issued a positive LMIA for a high-wage skilled position, they must inform the foreign worker of the LMIA results and notify them that they must apply for their authorization to work in Canada prior to the expiration of the LMIA. Once a high-wage worker receives a positive LMIA from an employer alongside their official signed employment contract, they may apply for authorization to work in Canada either through a work permit application or a permanent residency application, depending on their eligibility.
低薪外籍劳工 Low-Wage Workers
加拿大雇主必须通过临时外籍劳工项目中的低薪岗位通道，聘用薪资低于其所在省份或地区的时薪中位数的外籍劳工。该流程的第一步要求雇主获批劳动力市场影响评估，以证明他们无法通过招聘加拿大公民或永久居民填补岗位空缺。
需要雇主注意的是，针对招聘低薪外籍劳工的劳动力市场影响评估，要求雇主满足某些特定条件，以保障低薪外籍劳工的权利以及工作场所安全。一旦雇主获批低薪技术岗位的劳动力市场影响评估，需要及时将此评估结果通知外籍劳工，并告知其需要在评估有效期内递交工签申请以便获得在加拿大合法就业的授权。
当低薪外籍劳工获悉劳动力市场评估获批并收到雇主签署的正式劳务合同后，他们可以根据自身情况，通过申请加拿大工作许可或永久居留权的方式，获得在加拿大合法工作的资格。
If an employer wishes to hire a temporary foreign worker who will be paid less than the median hourly wage of their province or territory then the employer must apply through the TFWP stream for low-wage workers. The first step in this process requires the employer to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) demonstrating that they were unable to find a Canadian citizen or permanent resident to fill the position.
Employers should note that LMIAs for low-wage workers require employers to meet certain stipulations to ensure the workplace rights and safety of low-wage non-resident workers. Once an employer is issued a positive LMIA for a low-wage skilled position, they must inform the foreign worker of the LMIA results and notify them that they must apply for their authorization to work in Canada prior to the expiration of the LMIA.
Once a low-wage worker receives a positive LMIA from an employer alongside their official signed employment contract, they may apply for authorization to work in Canada either through a work permit application or a permanent residency application, depending on their eligibility.
外籍农业工人 Foreign Agricultural Workers
希望通过雇佣临时外籍劳工以填补与农业生产有关特定岗位的加拿大雇主，可以通过临时外籍劳工项目中的两项农业通道之一雇佣农工。加拿大政府提供了两项旨在为农业领域雇佣临时外劳提供便利条件的通道。雇主必须确保农工符合下列条件之一，才有资格申请其中的任一项目：
- 生产的产品，属于加拿大国家商品清单上罗列的特定商品分类；
- 生产活动，与下列国家职业分类代码之一的初级农业活动相关：0821、0822、8252、8255、8431、8432与8611。
如果雇主符合上述标准，他们可能有资格通过常规农业通道或季节性农业工人计划雇请外籍农工。
Employers wishing to hire temporary foreign workers to fill specific positions related to agricultural production may be able to use one of the TFWP agricultural streams to hire workers. Canada offers two streams designed to facilitate the hiring of temporary foreign workers in the field of agriculture. In order to qualify for either stream, first an employer must ensure that they meet the following general requirements:
- production must be in specific commodity sectors on Canada’s national commodity list;
- the activity must be related to on-farm primary agriculture in one of the following National Occupation Classification (NOC) Codes: 0821, 0822, 8252, 8255, 8431, 8432, and 8611.
If an employer meets the above-mentioned criteria, they may be eligible to hire temporary foreign workers through the regular Agricultural Stream or the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP).
季节性农业工人计划 Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP)
季节性农业工人计划允许雇主以每次最多8个月的时长，雇佣临时外国农工填补农业生产中的临时岗位空缺。所有岗位必修符合聘用外籍农工的一般性要求。此外，外籍农工必须是墨西哥或参与促进季节性农业工人计划双边协议的加勒比国家的公民。如果雇主符合季节性农工计划的要求，即可在申请劳动力市场影响评估的过程中阐述季节性农业工人计划的相关规定。
通过季节性农业工人计划进行招聘的雇主必须满足以下要求：运送农工往返居住国、在工作期间提供住宿、提供卫生且安全的工作场所。参与季节性农业工人计划的国家包括：墨西哥、安圭拉、安提瓜和巴布达、巴巴多斯、多米尼加、格林纳达、牙买加、蒙特塞拉特、圣基茨与尼维斯、圣卢西亚、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、特立尼达和多巴哥。
The Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) enables employers to hire temporary foreign workers to fill temporary positions in agricultural production for a maximum of 8 months at a time. All positions must meet the general requirements for hiring foreign agricultural workers. As well, foreign workers must be citizens of Mexico or one of the Caribbean countries participating in the bilateral agreement facilitating the SAWP. If an employer meets the requirements for the SAWP, they can apply for an LMIA indicating the SAWP specifications.
Employers hiring through the SAWP must meet certain requirements regarding transportation of workers to and from their country of residence, housing them during the work period, and provision of adequate workplace health and safety conditions. Countries participating in the SAWP include: Mexico, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts-Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Trinidad and Tobago.
住家保姆 In-Home Caregivers（旧政，暂不接受新的申请人）
通过临时外籍劳工项目中的住家保姆通道，有需要的加拿大家庭可以雇佣外籍人在私人住宅为老人、儿童或有医疗需求的患者提供护理服务。只要所需填补的岗位符合以下条件之一，即可通过住家保姆通道雇请外籍保姆：
- 儿童保姆：为18岁以下儿童提供看护及照顾服务。该职位需符合国家职业分类代码 4411 的要求。
- 医疗护工：为需要护理的老年人或残障人士提供护理服务。该职业需要符合国家职业分类代码 3012、3233或4412中其中之一的要求。
有意聘用外籍住家保姆的家庭，需要通过临时外籍劳工项目申请授权。申请流程与其他加拿大雇主招聘高薪和低薪外籍劳工相同。此外，需要雇佣外籍住家保姆的家庭需要提供以下证据：
- 家庭中至少有一名不能独立的家庭成员需要照顾；且
- 家庭有足够的经济能力支付住家保姆的薪资。
为老年人或残障人士雇请住家保姆的家庭可以豁免$1000加币的劳动力市场影响申请费。此外，如果为看护儿童雇请住家保姆的家庭的年收入少于15万加币，则劳动力市场影响申请费也可被豁免。
Families wishing to hire a foreign national to provide care, in a private residence, to seniors, children, or individuals with medical needs, may be able to do so through the In-Home Caregivers stream of the TFWP. This stream enables families to hire temporary foreign workers, provided that the positions to be filled meet one of the following criteria:
- Caregivers for children: For those providing care to children under the age of 18 years old. The position must meet the requirements for National Occupation Classification (NOC) Code 4411.
- Caregivers for persons with high medical needs: For those providing care to seniors or to persons with disabilities who require care. The position must meet the requirements for one of NOC 3012, 3233, or 4412.
Families wishing to hire in-home caregivers may apply for authorization through the TFWP. Families must follow the same application procedure as employers hiring through the high-wage and low-wage streams. Additionally, families hiring in-home caregivers will have to provide evidence that:
- They have a dependent family member requiring in-home care; and
- They have the financial capacity to pay the wages of the in-home caregiver.
Families hiring in-home caregivers for seniors and people living with disabilities are exempt from the $1000 CAD application fee for an LMIA. As well, families hiring in-home caregivers for children will be exempt from the LMIA application fee if their gross annual income is less than $150,000 CAD.
外籍学者 Foreign Academics
基于聘请外籍学者可以提高加拿大的教育质量、提高教育机构在学术研究方面的国际竞争力等原因，加拿大移民部联合加拿大就业及社会发展部制定一系列政策，以方便加拿大雇主聘用外籍学者。大多数情况下，在高等教育机构从事研究性工作的外籍学者可以豁免劳动力市场影响评估、工作许可或两者兼可豁免。不具备劳动力市场影响评估豁免或工作许可豁免的外籍学者，需要遵循临时外籍劳工项目中规定的雇请外籍劳工的相关程序。
The hiring of foreign academics in post-secondary institutions can increase Canada’s quality of education as well as enable Canadian institutions to be globally competitive in terms of academic research. For this reason, IRCC and ESDC have developed a number of procedures to facilitate the hiring of foreign academics in Canada. In many cases, foreign nationals hired in research positions at post-secondary institutions may be exempt from requiring an LMIA, a work permit, or both. Academics who do not qualify for a work permit exemption or LMIA exemption must ensure that regular procedures are followed for hiring workers through the TFWP.
全球技能战略 Global Skills Strategy
全球技能战略政策的出台，旨在缩短填补某些特定岗位的外籍劳工申请工作许可时的时长。根据全球技能战略协议，某些外国公民有资格在两周内获批工作许可。符合快速审批条件的外国公民，必须从加拿大境外递交工作许可的申请。此外，外国公民在申请工作许可时还需满足以下两个条件之一:
- 豁免劳动力市场影响评估的外籍劳工：前往加拿大从事国家职业列表中0类或A类岗位的工作；或
- 需要劳动力市场影响评估的外籍劳工：通过临时外籍劳工项目中的全球人才计划，获批劳动力市场影响评估。
如果外国公民符合上述两个条件之一，他们可以通过加拿大移民部门户网站在线提交审理周期两周的快速工作许可申请。此外，他们随行的配偶、同居伴侣和子女也有资格提交相应访问签证、学习许可和工作许可的快速审理申请。
The Global Skills Strategy is designed to facilitate the expedited processing of work permits for individuals in certain positions. Under the Global Skills Strategy, certain foreign nationals are eligible to apply to have their work permits processed in two weeks. In order to qualify for expedited processing, foreign nationals must be applying from outside of Canada. As well, foreign nationals must be applying for a work permit meeting one of the two following conditions:
- LMIA-exempt workers: travelling to Canada to work in a position at NOC Skill Level 0 or A; or
- Workers requiring an LMIA: possessing a positive LMIA issued through the Global Talent Stream of the TFWP.
If a foreign national meets either of these two categories they can apply for two-week processing of their work permit by submitting an online application through the IRCC web-portal. As well, accompanying spouses, common-law partners, and dependent children are eligible to submit applications for Visitor Visa, study permits, and work permits which will also be processed at an expedited rate.
在魁北克省雇佣临时外籍劳工 Temporary Foreign Worker in Quebec
与其他省份相比，加拿大联邦政府赋予魁北克省在移民政策制定与执行程序上更多的自治权，因此魁省的移民计划通常与其他省份区别对待。在雇佣外籍劳工方面魁省也有所不同。
The province of Quebec retains significant autonomy over its immigration policies and procedures. For this reason, the province has a few unique distinctions regarding the hiring of foreign workers.
提交语言要求 Language of Submission
在魁北克省提交的除家庭护理人员职位外，其他所有劳动力市场影响评估必须使用法语。如果雇主在应对此规定时存在困难，可以联系加拿大就业及社会发展部，共同将这一要求的影响降至最低。
All LMIA applications submitted in Quebec must be submitted in French except for LMIAs for in-home caregiver positions. If an employer has difficulty with this protocol, they may contact ESDC who will work with employers to minimize the impacts of this language requirement.
向魁省多元文化厅提交申请 Application to MIDI
与其他所有魁省移民项目相同，申请必须同时得到联邦政府和省政府的批准。因此，申请魁省的劳动力市场影响评估，需要向加拿大联邦服务中心提交申请以便获得就业及社会发展部的联邦层面审理，同时向魁省多元文化厅递交以便获得省级政府审理。
As with all Quebec-based immigration programs, applications must be approved both by the provincial authorities and the federal authorities. For this reason, applications for LMIAs must be submitted both to Service Canada for ESDC processing at the federal level, as well as to the Ministère de l’Immigration, de la Diversité et de l’Inclusion (MIDI) for processing at the provincial level.
劳动力市场影响评估豁免 LMIA Exemptions
某些情况下，魁省多元文化厅准许雇主豁免为符合条件的外籍劳工申请劳动力市场影响评估。符合豁免条件的外籍劳工必须满足以下条件：
- 持有有效工作许可；
- 持有魁北克技术工人甄选证书；
- 在魁北克省居住；且
- 已通过魁北克省技术工人类别，提交永久居留权申请。
In some cases, MIDI has implemented a policy exempting the requirement for an employer to obtain an LMIA for certain foreign workers. In order to qualify for this exemption, an employer must the hiring a temporary foreign worker who meets the following criteria:
- has a valid work permit;
- holds a skilled worker Certificate of Selection in Quebec (CSQ);
- resides in the province of Quebec; and
- has applied for permanent residency under the Quebec Skilled Worker class.
简化版劳动力市场影响评估 Facilitated LMIA
简化版劳动力市场影响评估申请流程允许雇主无需提交他们努力招聘加拿大公民或永久居民填补岗位空缺的相关证据。了解更多简化版劳动力市场影响评估的相关规定。
The facilitated LMIA process allows Quebec employers to apply for LMIAs without needing to provide evidence that they made efforts to recruit a Canadian citizen or permanent resident to fill the position. Learn more about the requirements for a facilitated LMIA.
广告及招聘要求豁免条件 Advertising and recruitment requirement exemptions
加拿大联邦政府与魁北克省政府合作推出试点政策，在临时外籍项目下为魁北克雇主提供新的灵活性。在2021年12月6日至2024年12月31日期间，魁省雇主在招聘以下国家职业代码相关岗位时，不受广告及招聘要求限制：
- 6611 – 收银员
- 6622 – 货架储备员、店员和订单填写员
- 6711 – 食品柜台服务员、帮厨及相关支持岗位从业人员
- 6731 – 轻型清洁工
- 6732 – 特种行业清洁工
- 6733 – 看门人、守门人及建筑监督员
- 8612 – 园艺和绿化工人、相关场地维护工人
- 8616 – 伐木和林业工人
- 9612 – 金属加工工人
- 9614 – 木材、纸浆及纸张加工工人
- 9615 – 橡胶及塑料制品相关行业工人
- 9617 – 食品、饮料及相关产品加工工人
- 9618 – 鱼类及海鲜加工工人
The Canadian government launched a pilot project in partnership with Quebec, introducing new flexibilities for Quebec employers under the Temporary Foreign Worker Program. From December 6, 2021 until December 31, 2024, the following NOC codes are exempt from advertising and recruitment requirements:
- 6611 – Cashiers
- 6622 – Store shelf stockers, clerks and order fillers
- 6711 – Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations
- 6731 – Light duty cleaners
- 6732 – Specialized cleaners
- 6733 – Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents
- 8612 – Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers
- 8616 – Logging and forestry labourers
- 9612 – Labourers in metal fabrication
- 9614 – Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing
- 9615 – Labourers in rubber and plastic products manufacturing
- 9617 – Labourers in food, beverage and associated products processing
- 9618 – Labourers in fish and seafood processing
